A post-dural puncture headache is a type of headache that can occur after a procedure involving the spine, such as a spinal tap, epidural injection, or other intervention that punctures the protective membrane surrounding the spinal cord. This headache develops when cerebrospinal fluid leaks from the puncture site, resulting in changes to the pressure around the brain and spinal cord. Symptoms often appear within a few days of the procedure and may vary in intensity from mild discomfort to severe pain.
The hallmark feature of a post-dural puncture headache is that it typically worsens when sitting or standing and improves when lying down. The pain is often felt in the front or back of the head and may be accompanied by neck stiffness, nausea, dizziness, ringing in the ears, sensitivity to light, or visual disturbances. While many cases resolve over time, the symptoms can significantly impact daily activities and overall quality of life during recovery.
